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Table 1 Cohort descriptions by persistent and resolving hypoxemic respiratory failure

From: Identification of persistent and resolving subphenotypes of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in two independent cohorts

 

Discovery cohort

Validation cohort

Resolving N = 382

Persistent N = 386

P value

Resolving N = 683

Persistent N = 1032

P value

Demographics

Age, years

54 (45–63)

53 (44–64)

0.780

55 (41–66)

53 (41–64)

0.131

Female sex

144 (38%)

129 (33%)

0.216

264 (39%)

357 (35%)

0.087

Race

  

0.013

  

0.004

White

271 (76%)

291 (80%)

 

573 (84%)

910 (88%)

 

Black/African American

50 (14%)

26 (7%)

 

99 (14%)

98 (10%)

 

Other

61 (16%)

69 (18%)

 

11 (2%)

24 (2%)

 

Baseline comorbidities

Diabetes

113 (30%)

112 (29%)

0.863

186 (27%)

258 (25%)

0.301

Cirrhosis

44 (12%)

44 (11%)

0.959

61 (9%)

74 (7%)

0.185

Chronic respiratory disease

60 (16%)

88 (23%)

0.013

134 (20%)

122 (12%)

< 0.001

Heart Failure

41 (11%)

43 (11%)

0.857

74 (11%)

83 (8%)

0.050

Alcohol Use Disorder

115 (30%)

135 (35%)

0.150

139 (20%)

240 (23%)

0.156

ICU events on enrollment

Type of ICU

  

0.423

  

< 0.001

 Medical

260 (68%)

273 (71%)

 

305 (45%)

409 (40%)

 

 Surgical

122 (32%)

113 (29%)

 

164 (24%)

192 (19%)

 

 Trauma

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 

210 (31%)

429 (42%)

 

Shock

87 (23%)

191 (49%)

< 0.001

261 (38%)

532 (52%)

< 0.001

Sepsis

298 (78%)

330 (85%)

0.007

261 (38%)

475 (46%)

0.001

Pneumonia

81 (21%)

143 (37%)

< 0.001

198 (29%)

385 (37%)

< 0.001

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

51 (13%)

124 (32%)

< 0.001

145 (21%)

393 (38%)

< 0.001

Illness severity on enrollment

PaO2-to-FIO2 ratio

190 (138–254)

128 (85–207)

< 0.001

187 (136–236)

147 (97–205)

< 0.001

SOFA

4 (3–6)

5 (4–7)

< 0.001

8 (7–10)

10 (8–11)

< 0.001

APACHE-III

53 (36–72)

69 (49–90)

< 0.001

n.a

n.a

 

APACHE-II

n.a

n.a

 

26 (21–31)

29 (23–34)

< 0.001

Outcomes

Ventilator free days

25 (23–26)

15 (0–21)

< 0.001

25 (23–26)

17 (0–22)

< 0.001

Hospital length of stay, days

10 (6–19)

19 (12–32)

< 0.001

10 (7–18)

16 (10–26)

< 0.001

Mortality

31 (8%)

77 (20%)

< 0.001

70 (10%)

230 (22%)

< 0.001

  1. ICU intensive care unit, APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, n.a. not applicable. Continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range) and categorical variables are expressed as number (percentage). P values correspond to Mann–Whitney U tests for continuous variables and Chi-squared tests for categorical variables