Figure 3From: Using heart-lung interactions to assess fluid responsiveness during mechanical ventilationHaemodynamic effects of mechanical insufflation. The LV stroke volume is maximum at the end of the inspiratory period and minimum two to three heart beats later (ie during the expiratory period). The cyclic changes in LV stroke volume are mainly related to the expiratory decrease in LV preload due to the inspiratory decrease in RV filling and output.Back to article page