Table 1 Incidence of post-extubation stridor and laryngeal edema

Post-extubation stridor

   Epstein and colleagues [1]

Stridor with resolution upon reintubation

   Maury and colleagues [25]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze within 24 hours of extubation with respiratory rate >30/minute

   Sandhu and colleagues [26]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention

   Miller and Cole [27]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention

   Kriner and colleagues [8]

Inspiratory grunting, whistling or wheezing requiring medical intervention within 24 hours after extubation

   Ding and colleagues [28]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze associated with respiratory distress

   Colice and colleagues [2]

Post-extubation stridor or hoarseness

   Ho and colleagues [7]

Crowing sound on inspiration

   Jaber and colleagues [30]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention

   Cheng and colleagues [3]

High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention (in control group of intervention arm with positive cuff leak test)

   de Bast and colleagues [36]

Inspiratory wheezing

   Lee and colleagues [13]

Stridor heard with stethoscope

Laryngeal edema

   Francois and colleagues [6]

Stridor with respiratory distress with need for medical intervention (minor) or severe respiratory distress needing reintubation <24 hours after extubation (major)

   Darmon and colleagues [4]

Laryngeal dyspnea and/or stridor (minor laryngeal edema) or the need for reintubation due to laryngeal edema as confirmed by endoscopy (major laryngeal edema)

   de Bast and colleagues [36]

Stridor with respiratory distress requiring reintubation within 24 hours, confirmed by fiberoptic examination or direct view

   Chung and colleagues [55]

Near total occlusion of the airway as seen on video bronchoscopy