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Table 2 Demographic features of survivors and nonsurvivors supported with ECMO for respiratory failure

From: Improvement in the survival rates of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-supported respiratory failure patients: a multicenter retrospective study in Korean patients

Variable

2012 (nā€‰=ā€‰104)

2013 (nā€‰=ā€‰100)

2014 (nā€‰=ā€‰130)

2015 (nā€‰=ā€‰153)

p value

Age (years)

59 (49, 69)

60 (45, 68)

58 (43, 66)

57 (45, 63)

0.199

Male

69 (66.3)

71 (71.0)

93 (71.5)

88 (57.5)

0.050

Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.6 (20.4, 24.6)

22.9 (19.7, 25.0)

22.1 (21.0, 22.9)

22.0 (20.5, 22.9)

0.073

APACHE II score

21 (16, 27)

22 (16, 29)

21 (15, 30)

19 (14, 26)

0.162

SOFA score

8 (5, 12)

8 (5, 11)

8 (5, 12)

8 (6, 12)

0.842

PRESERVE score

5 (4, 7)

6 (4, 7)

5 (3, 6)

5 (3, 6)

0.245

RESP score

0 (āˆ’2, 2)

0 (āˆ’2, 2)

0 (āˆ’2, 2)

1(āˆ’1, 3)

0.497

Etiology of ARF

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.001

ā€ƒViral pneumonia

7 (6.7)

8 (8.0)

11 (8.5)

21 (13.7)

Ā 

ā€ƒBacterial pneumonia

33 (31.7)

16 (16.0)

37 (28.5)

41 (26.8)

Ā 

ā€ƒCOPD and asthma

1 (1.0)

2 (2.0)

4 (3.1)

1 (0.7)

Ā 

ā€ƒTrauma and burn

1 (1.0)

4 (4.0)

10 (7.7)

10 (6.5)

Ā 

ā€ƒAsphyxia

0 (0.0)

3 (3.0)

8 (6.2)

2 (1.3)

Ā 

ā€ƒAcute exacerbation of ILD

8 (7.7)

17 (17.0)

13 (10.0)

23 (15.0)

Ā 

ā€ƒChronic respiratory failure

11 (10.6)

4 (4.0)

6 (4.6)

3 (2.0)

Ā 

ā€ƒARDS

13 (12.5)

14 (14.0)

7 (5.4)

10 (6.5)

Ā 

ā€ƒAirway obstruction

10 (9.6)

6 (6.0)

4 (3.1)

8 (5.2)

Ā 

ā€ƒOther respiratory failure

20 (19.2)

26 (26.0)

30 (23.1)

34 (22.2)

Ā 

Immunocompromiseda

26 (25.2)

21 (21.4)

34 (26.2)

41 (26.8)

0.799

CNS dysfunctionb

3 (2.9)

3 (3.1)

8 (6.2)

10 (6.5)

0.413

Vasopressor

48 (46.2)

59 (59.0)

96 (75.6)

98 (66.7)

<ā€‰0.001

Corticosteroid

22 (21.2)

21 (21.0)

23 (17.7)

16 (10.5)

0.068

Cardiac arrest

8 (7.7)

19 (19.0)

24 (18.5)

23 (15.0)

0.080

CRRT

20 (19.2)

19 (19.0)

20 (15.4)

24 (15.7)

0.783

Mechanical ventilation

94 (90.4)

83 (83.0)

125 (96.2)

147 (96.1)

<ā€‰0.001

Prone positioning

7 (6.8)

3 (3.1)

58 (44.6)

75 (49.0)

<ā€‰0.001

Pre-ECMO rescue therapy

ā€ƒNitric oxide

29 (28.2)

22 (22.4)

42 (32.3)

34 (22.2)

0.197

ā€ƒBicarbonate infusion

11 (10.7)

12 (12.2)

14 (10.8)

16 (10.5)

0.975

ā€ƒNeuromuscular blocker

29 (28.2)

32 (32.7)

80 (61.5)

89 (58.2)

<ā€‰0.001

  1. Values expressed as median (interquartile range), meanā€‰Ā±ā€‰standard deviation, or n (%)
  2. ECMOĀ extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, APACHEĀ Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFAĀ Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, PRESERVE Predicting Death for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Veno-venous ECMO, RESP Respiratory Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survival Prediction, ARFĀ acute respiratory failure, COPDĀ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ILDĀ interstitial lung disease, ARDSĀ acute respiratory distress syndrome, CNSĀ central nervous system, CRRTĀ continuous renal replacement therapy
  3. aā€œImmunocompromisedā€ included hematological malignancies, solid tumors, solid-organ transplantation, high-dose or long-term corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressant use, and human immunodeficiency virus infection
  4. bā€œCNS dysfunctionā€ included diagnoses of neurotrauma, stroke, encephalopathy, cerebral embolism, seizure, and epileptic syndrome
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Critical Care

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