Capillary refill time variation induced by passive leg raising predicts capillary refill time response to volume expansion

Jacquet-Lagrèze, Matthias; Bouhamri, Nourredine; Portran, Philippe; Schweizer, Rémi; Baudin, Florent; Lilot, Marc; Fornier, William; Fellahi, Jean-Luc

doi:10.1186/s13054-019-2560-0

Critical Care

Table 1 Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics in capillary refill time responders and non-responders to volume expansion

From: Capillary refill time variation induced by passive leg raising predicts capillary refill time response to volume expansion

Characteristics	All (n = 34)	CRT responders (n = 15)	CRT non-responders (n = 19)	p value
Anthropometry
Age, years	62 [54, 69]	59 [46, 71]	64 [57, 68]	0.435
Sex, male/female, n	25/9	13/2	12/7
Weight, kg	71 [62, 80]	75 [67, 81]	70 [61, 78]	0.289
Severity scores
SOFA	8 [6, 11]	9 [7, 12]	8 [6, 10]	0.485
SAPS2	42 [33, 51]	44 [33, 56]	41 [34, 48]	0.266
Circulatory failure aetiology
Sepsis	11	3	8	0.271
SIRS	15	8	7	0.489
Cardiogenic shock	8	4	4	1.0
Metabolic and peripheral perfusion
Mottling score	1 [0, 2]	1 [0, 2]	1 [0, 1]	0.702
Capillary refill time, s	2.9 [2.4, 3.7]	3.6 [2.8, 6]	2.6 [2.3, 3.3]	0.021
PCO₂gap, kPa	1.1 [0.8, 1.7]	1.4 [1.1, 1.8]	0.8 [0.7, 1.1]	0.007
Oxygen delivery, mL min⁻¹ m⁻²	337 [272, 417]	313 [253, 361]	355 [309, 440]	0.228
Oxygen uptake, mL min⁻¹ m⁻²	101 [84, 116]	97 [64, 119]	103 [88, 109]	0.383
Modified RQ, mmHg mL⁻¹	2.6 [2.0, 5.4]	3.5 [2.4, 6.8]	2.6 [2.0, 4.0]	0.118
Oxygen extraction ratio, %	30 [25, 35]	35 [26, 40]	28 [23, 30]	0.051
Lactate, mmol L⁻¹	2.0 [1.2, 3.8]	2.0 [1.4, 3.8]	2.0 [1.1, 3.5]	0.578
Thermodilution
Cardiac index, L min⁻¹ m⁻²	2.6 [2.1, 3.1]	2.3 [2.0, 3.0]	2.6 [2.4, 3.2]	0.499
Global end-diastolic volume index, mL m⁻²	710 [549, 827]	667 [506, 826]	726 [606, 823]	0.492
Extravascular lung water index, mL kg⁻¹	9.1 [7.0, 12.0]	9.2 [6.5, 12.5]	9.1 [7.2, 11.5]	0.931
Cardiac function index	3.6 [2.9, 4.3]	3.6 [2.8, 4.3]	3.6 [3.1, 4.3]	0.718
Pulmonary vascular permeability index	1.8 [1.4, 2.6]	1.8 [1.5, 2.7]	1.7 [1.3, 2.5]	0.772
Stroke volume variation, %	13 [9, 17]	14 [11, 17]	13 [8, 17]	0.676
Haemodynamics
Heart rate, cycle/min	95 [75, 110]	96 [73, 104]	93 [78, 112]	0.395
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	68 [61, 72]	70 [62, 75]	67 [61, 71]	0.357
Systolic arterial pressure, mmHg	102 [91, 118]	97 [90, 116]	104 [94, 116]	0.795
Diastolic arterial pressure, mmHg	51 [43, 57]	52 [46, 57]	51 [41, 56]	0.615
Pulse pressure, mmHg	53 [40, 65]	49 [36, 65]	53 [41, 64]	0.532
EtCO₂, mmHg	36 [32, 45]	34 [32, 44]	37 [31, 46]	0.737
Central venous pressure, mmHg	7 [4, 11]	8 [7, 11]	6 [3, 9]	0.186
Drugs
Norepinephrine, μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹	0.22 [0.10, 0.51]	0.17 [0.08, 0.76]	0.23 [0.11, 0.49]	0.798
Dobutamine, μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹	4 [0, 6]	4 [0, 5]	4 [0, 7]	0.531
Epinephrine, μg kg⁻¹ min⁻¹	0.00 [0.00, 0.04]	0.00 [0.00, 0.00]	0.00 [0.00, 0.05]	0.472
Ventilation
Tidal volume, mL kg⁻¹ of ideal body weight	6 [6, 7]	6 [6, 7]	6 [6, 8]	0.702
Respiratory rate, cycles min⁻¹	24 [20, 27]	24 [23, 27]	22 [17, 29]	0.357
Positive end-expiratory pressure, cmH₂O	5 [5, 6]	6 [5, 6]	5 [5 6]	0.937
FiO₂, %	40 [30, 60]	40 [36, 51]	40 [30, 60]	0.607
Driving pressure, cmH₂O	12 [9, 15]	12 [10, 14]	12 [9, 15]	0.806

Values are median [percentile 25–75] or number. Wilcoxon test and Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate p value. CRT responders are defined as patients showing a decrease of at least 25% of the capillary refill time after volume expansion
CRT capillary refill time, EtCO₂ end-tidal carbon dioxide, FiO₂ fraction of inspired dioxygen, Modified RQ modified respiratory quotient defined as PCO₂gap/difference in arterio-venous content in oxygen, PCO₂gap veno-arterial difference in carbon dioxide partial pressure, SAPS2 Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment

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ISSN: 1364-8535

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