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Table 1 Multi-morbidity clusters in old patients and associated MODS risk profiles

From: The management of multi-morbidity in elderly patients: Ready yet for precision medicine in intensive care?

Known condition

Associated/(hidden) conditions

MODS risk profile

Hypertension

CHF, metabolic syndrome

AKI, arrhythmia, stroke

Coronary disease

CHF, CKD, carotid stenosis, PVD

MI/CHF, arrhythmia, stroke, AKI

COPD

Pulmonary hypertension

RVF, arrhythmia, AKI

Diabetes

Coronary disease, PVD, CKD

MI/CHF, AKI, stroke, infection, gastroparesis

Geriatric conditions (examples)

 Frailty

CHF, CKD, sarcopenia, dementia, sensory impairment

AKI, weaning failure, delirium, pressure sores, malnutrition

 Polypharmacy

CKD, arrhythmia, coagulopathy, electrolyte disturbances

AKI, CHF, intracranial bleed, delirium

 Chronic pain

Osteoporosis, sarcopenia and immobility masking coronary artery disease / CHF, polypharmacy

AKI, HF, delirium, malnutrition

  1. AKI: acute kidney injury; CHF: congestive heart failure; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF: heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction; MODS: multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; RVF: right ventricular failure
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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535