Table 1 Patient characteristics at ICU admission according to study group and aspergillosis status based on Blot definition
SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia n = 566 | Influenza pneumonia n = 481 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No putative IPA, or colonization (n = 543) | Aspergillus colonization (n = 9) | Putative IPA (n = 14) | No putative IPA, or colonization (n = 432) | Aspergillus colonization (n = 20) | Putative IPA (n = 29) | |
Age, years | 64 (55 to 71) | 63 (62 to 68) | 67 (52 to 75) | 62 (53 to 71) | 61 (51 to 71) | 58 (52 to 64) |
Men | 387/543 (71.3) | 8/9 (88.9) | 11/14 (78.6) | 271/432 (62.7) | 13/20 (65.0) | 14/29 (48.3) |
Body mass index†, kg/m2 | 28.7 (25.7 to 33.6) | 31.2 (26.5 to 32.5) | 29.9 (28.6 to 31.8) | 27.7 (23.3 to 32.7) | 29.0 (25.7 to 30.4) | 25.2 (21.5 to 28.5) |
Severity scores | ||||||
SAPS II‡ | 41 (32 to 56) | 44 (37 to 48) | 36 (31 to 48) | 50 (39 to 64) | 57 (42 to 65) | 47 (36 to 63) |
SOFA score§ | 6 (3 to 8) | 6 (5 to 9) | 5 (4 to 7) | 8 (6 to 11) | 7 (6 to 10) | 7 (4 to 12) |
Comorbidities scores | ||||||
McCabe classification | ||||||
Non-fatal | 454/518 (87.6) | 8/9 (88.9) | 11/14 (78.6) | 288/410 (70.2) | 17/18 (94.4) | 19/27 (70.4) |
Fatal < 5 years | 58/518 (11.2) | 1/9 (11.1) | 3/14 (21.4) | 107/410 (26.1) | 1/18 (5.6) | 6/27 (22.2) |
Fatal < 1 year | 6/518 (1.2) | 0/9 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 15/410 (3.7) | 0/18 (0.0) | 2/27 (7.4) |
Charlson Comorbidity Indexll | 3 (1 to 4) | 4 (2 to 5) | 2.5 (2 to 5) | 3 (2 to 5) | 4 (2 to 6) | 3 (1 to 4) |
Chronic diseases | ||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 159/540 (29.4) | 5/9 (55.6) | 4/14 (28.6) | 94/425 (22.1) | 4/20 (20.0) | 6/28 (21.4) |
Chronic kidney disease | 29/535 (5.4) | 3/8 (37.5) | 1/14 (7.1) | 35/427 (8.2) | 1/20 (5.0) | 3/27 (11.1) |
Heart disease | 98/535 (18.3) | 2/9 (22.2) | 2/14 (14.3) | 108/426 (25.4) | 3/20 (15.0) | 6/29 (20.7) |
Chronic heart failure | 19/534 (3.6) | 2/8 (25.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 35/426 (8.2) | 1/20 (5.0) | 1/28 (3.6) |
COPD | 35/536 (6.5) | 0/8 (0.0) | 2/14 (14.3) | 119/426 (27.9) | 7/20 (35.0) | 3/28 (10.7) |
Chronic respiratory failure | 19/534 (3.6) | 0/8 (0.0) | 1/14 (7.1) | 62/426 (14.6) | 2/20 (10.0) | 2/28 (7.1) |
Cirrhosis | 8/535 (1.5) | 0/8 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 14/426 (3.3) | 1/20 (5.0) | 1/28 (3.6) |
Immunosuppression | 46/535 (8.6) | 2/8 (25.0) | 2/14 (14.3) | 93/429 (21.7) | 2/20 (10.0) | 11/29 (37.9) |
Hematological malignancy | 5/534 (0.9) | 0/8 (0.0) | 1/14 (7.1) | 24/428 (5.6) | 1/20 (5.0) | 5/29 (17.2) |
Solid cancer | 25/534 (4.7) | 0/8 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 37/428 (8.6) | 1/20 (5.0) | 1/29 (3.4) |
Organ transplant | 5/534 (0.9) | 1/8 (12.5) | 0/14 (0.0) | 7/428 (1.6) | 0/20 (0.0) | 4/29 (13.8) |
HIV | 3/534 (0.6) | 0/8 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 5/428 (1.2) | 0/20 (0.0) | 0/29 (0.0) |
Immunosuppressive drugs | 21/534 (3.9) | 2/8 (25.0) | 2/14 (14.3) | 44/428 (10.3) | 0/20 (0.0) | 7/29 (24.1) |
Active smoking | 29/536 (5.4) | 0/8 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 130/426 (30.5) | 8/20 (40.0) | 11/29 (37.9) |
Alcohol abuse | 33/534 (6.2) | 1/8 (12.5) | 0/14 (0.0) | 75/425 (17.6) | 3/20 (15.0) | 7/29 (24.1) |
Location before ICU admission | ||||||
Home | 264/543 (48.6) | 3/9 (33.3) | 3/14 (21.4) | 251/431 (58.2) | 8/20 (40.0) | 15/29 (51.7) |
Hospital ward | 199/543 (36.6) | 5/9 (55.6) | 11/14 (78.6) | 138/431 (32.0) | 7/20 (35.0) | 12/29 (41.4) |
Another ICU | 80/543 (14.7) | 1/9 (11.1) | 0/14 (0.0) | 42/431 (9.7) | 5/20 (25.0) | 2/29 (6.9) |
Recent hospitalization (< 3 months) | 39/541 (7.2) | 2/9 (22.2) | 3/14 (21.4) | 61/429 (14.2) | 6/20 (30.0) | 5/29 (17.2) |
Recent antibiotics (< 3 months) | 70/542 (12.9) | 1/9 (11.1) | 3/14 (21.4) | 79/427 (18.5) | 8/20 (40.0) | 7/29 (24.1) |
Hospital to ICU admission, days¥ | 1 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 2) | 0 (0 to 1) | 1 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 4) |
Hospital admission to intubation, days¤ | 1 (0 to 3) | 2 (1 to 7) | 2 (1 to 3) | 1 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 3) | 2 (0 to 5) |
Antibiotic treatment on ICU admission | 475/533 (89.1) | 7/9 (77.8) | 12/14 (85.7) | 369/421 (87.6) | 19/20 (95.0) | 28/29 (96.6) |
Causes for ICU admission | ||||||
Shock | 99/534 (18.5) | 2/7 (28.6) | 1/14 (7.1) | 188/423 (44.4) | 9/20 (45.0) | 13/26 (50.0) |
Acute respiratory failure | 500/542 (92.3) | 8/9 (88.9) | 13/14 (92.9) | 386/430 (89.8) | 18/20 (90.0) | 28/29 (96.6) |
ARDS | 370/538 (68.8) | 6/9 (66.7) | 8/14 (57.1) | 192/422 (45.5) | 13/20 (65.0) | 15/26 (57.7) |
Neurological failure | 25/525 (4.8) | 1/7 (14.3) | 0/14 (0.0) | 66/419 (15.8) | 1/20 (5.0) | 2/25 (8.0) |
Cardiac arrest | 3/524 (0.6) | 0/7 (0.0) | 0/14 (0.0) | 23/419 (5.5) | 0/20 (0.0) | 2/25 (8.0) |
Acute kidney injury | 92/425 (17.5) | 2/7 (28.6) | 2/14 (14.3) | 118/415 (28.4) | 6/20 (30.0) | 9/25 (36.0) |