Table 5 Secondary outcomes in the TTCOV19 study for the per-protocol population
Per protocol population | Early tracheotomy | Late tracheotomy | p-value | Difference between groups | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 61) | (n = 27) | (n = 34) | Mean (95% CI) | ||
Total number of days with sedation* | 23.8 (9.9) | 19.7 (9.4) | 27.3 (9.1) | 0.0025 | − 7.61 (− 12.50; − 2.88) |
22 (17,31) | 18 (12;29) | 26 (19.5;33) | |||
n = 59 | n = 27 | n = 32 | |||
Total number of days in the intensive care unit | 30.2 (13.9) | 26.5 (15.2) | 33.1 (12.3) | 0.059 | − 6.67 (− 13.64; 0.23) |
29 (22;37) | 24 (14;35) | 29.5 (24;40) | |||
Days from intubation to tracheotomy | 9.77 (4.73) | 5.48 (1.37) | 13.2 (3.5) | < .0001 | − 7.69 (− 9.12; − 6.33) |
10 (6;12) | 6 (4;7) | 12 (11;14) | |||
Total number of days with sedation during the first 28 days* | 21.4 (6.6) | 18.3 (7.3) | 24.0 (4.5) | 0.0006 | − 5.70 (− 8.81; − 2.57) |
22 (17; 28) | 18 (12; 28) | 26 (19.5; 28) | |||
n = 59 | n = 27 | n = 32 | |||
Total number of days in the intensive care unit during the first 28 days | 23.9 (5.7) | 21.2 (7.1) | 26.0 (3.1) | 0.0018 | − 4.81 (− 7.50; − 2.08) |
28 (22; 28) | 24 (14; 28) | 28 (14; 28) | |||
Total number of days with mechanical ventilation during the first 28 days | 22.6 (6.3) | 19.5 (7.4) | 25.1 (3.7) | 0.0006 | − 5.61 (− 8.50; − 2.69) |
25 (18; 28) | 18 (12; 28) | 27 (22; 28) | |||
Need for reintubation | 7 (11.5%) | 2 (7.4%) | 5 (14.7%) | 0.64 | − 7.3 (− 24.8; 11.2) |
Death in the intensive care unit | 26 (42.6%) | 9 (33.3%) | 17 (50.0%) | 0.3 | − 16.7 (− 40.3; 9.0) |
Days from intubation to death | 30.3 (15.3) | 23.9 (15.9) | 33.6 (14.4) | 0.12 | − 9.67 (− 22.83; 2.20) |
28 (18;39) | 13 (11;34) | 28.5 (24;41) | |||
n = 27 | n = 9 | n = 18 | |||
Type of tracheotomy | |||||
Open surgical | 52 (85.2%) | 24 (88.9%) | 28 (82.4%) | ||
Percutaneous | 9 (14.8%) | 3 (11.1%) | 6 (17.6%) | 0.47 | |
Complications | |||||
Any complication | 55 (90.2%) | 23 (85.2%) | 32 (94.1%) | 0.46 | − 8.9 (− 28.1; 7.8) |
Pulmonary embolism | 9 (14.8%) | 1 (3.7%) | 8 (23.5%) | 0.063 | − 19.8 (− 38.1; − 1.9) |
Pneumothorax | 7 (11.5%) | 3 (11.1%) | 4 (11.8%) | 1 | − 0.7 (− 17.9; 18.4) |
Ventilator associated pneumonia | 3 (4.9%) | 1 (3.7%) | 2 (5.9%) | 1 | − 2.2 (− 17.1; 14.3) |
Airway obstruction | 9 (14.8%) | 6 (22.2%) | 3 (8.8%) | 0.27 | 13.4 (− 5.3; 34.5) |
Tracheal bleeding | 14 (23.0%) | 6 (22.2%) | 8 (23.5%) | 1 | − 1.3 (− 23.1; 21.3) |
Renal failure | 10 (16.4%) | 3 (11.1%) | 7 (20.6%) | 0.52 | − 9.5 (− 28.6; 11.1) |
Stroke | 2 (3.3%) | 1 (3.7%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 | 0.8 (− 12.1; 16.3) |
Critical illness myopathy | 8 (13.1%) | 1 (3.7%) | 7 (20.6%) | 0.11 | − 16.9 (− 34.8; 1.2) |
Delirium | 15 (24.6%) | 6 (22.2%) | 9 (26.5%) | 0.94 | − 4.2 (− 26.5; 18.9) |
Decubital ulcers | 22 (36.1%) | 8 (29.6%) | 14 (41.2%) | 0.51 | − 11.5 (− 35.1; 14.3) |
Other complications | 20 (32.8%) | 9 (33.3%) | 11 (32.4%) | 1 | 1.0 (− 23.0; 25.2) |