Prevalence and impact of early prone position on 30-day mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a nationwide cohort study

Table 4 Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis for 30-day mortality

	Univariate		Multivariable
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Prone
Early = no	Reference		Reference
Early = yes	0.86 (0.69—1.08)	0.2035	0.92 (0.71—1.19)	0.5206
Sex
Women	Reference		Reference
Men	1.33 (1.05—1.68)	0.0183	1.28 (0.99—1.67)	0.0645
Age, per year	1.07 (1.06—1.09)	< 0.001	1.07 (1.06—1.09)	< 0.001
Comorbidity
Cardiac disease	1.93 (1.46—2.56)	< 0.001	1.14 (0.83—1.57)	0.4203
COPD/Asthma	1.08 (0.81—1.43)	0.5844	1.15 (0.84—1.56)	0.3846
Diabetes	1.22 (0.97—1.54)	0.0807	1.12 (0.86—1.45)	0.4021
Obesity^a	0.63 (0.43—0.89)	0.0122	1.15 (0.76—1.72)	0.4979
Hypertension	1.33 (1.08—1.64)	0.0071	0.86 (0.67—1.10)	0.2276
Immune deficiency	1.52 (1.04—2.19)	0.0271	1.60 (1.05—2.42)	0.0279
Chronic liver disease	0.81 (0.18—2.72)	0.7502	0.57 (0.11—2.33)	0.4637
Chronic kidney disease	1.61 (1.05—2.44)	0.0268	1.05 (0.65—1.66)	0.8535
Neuromuscular disease	0.69 (0.20—1.94)	0.5167	0.62 (0.17—1.92)	0.4384
Malignancy^b	3.02 (1.48—6.26)	0.0025	2.12 (0.97—4.69)	0.0585
PaO2/FiO2 ratio, per 1 kPa increase	0.97 (0.94—1)	0.0370	0.98 (0.95 – 1.02)	0.3362
SAPS3^c, per 1 unit increase	1.05 (1.04—1.07)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.04—1.07)	< 0.001
Admission months
March – April 2020	Reference		Reference
May – August 2020	0.57 (0.39—0.83)	0.0037	0.45 (0.30—0.68	< 0.001
September – December 2020	1.19 (0.88—1.60)	0.2489	0.80 (0.57—1.11)	0.1848
January – April 2021	0.91 (0.71—1.18)	0.4793	0.62 (0.46—0.83)	0.0014

OR, Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PaO_2, arterial partial pressure of oxygen; FiO₂, fraction of inspired oxygen; SAPS, simplified acute physiology score
^aObesity defined as BMI > 40 kg/m²
^bMalignancy is defined as neoplasia spread beyond regional lymph nodes
^cRecalculated after excluding age, comorbidities and PaO2/FiO2 ratio
aROC 0.749 for full model

ISSN: 1364-8535