Prone position versus usual care in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients in medical wards: a randomised controlled trial

Table 2 Primary and secondary outcomes in the prone position and usual care groups

	No. of events/total No. of patients
	Prone position	Usual care	Adjusted OR (95%CI) ^a	P-value
Primary outcome
Non-invasive ventilation or tracheal intubation, or death within 28 days	19/135	17/132	0.43 (0.14–1.35)	0.15
Secondary outcomes
Non-invasive ventilation within 28 days of enrolment^b,c	12/135	8/132	4.86 (0.95–24.87)	0.057
Tracheal intubation within 28 days of enrolment	10/135	13/132	0.11 (0.01–0.89)	0.038
Tracheal intubation or death within 28 days of enrolment	10/135	14/132	0.09 (0.01–0.76)	0.027
Death within 28 days	0/135	4/132	_	_^d
Rate of transfer to the ICU within 28 days of enrolment	21/135	20/135	1.04 (0.53–2.05)	0.91
Weaning from oxygen in hospital ward within 28 days	117/135	110/132	1.50 (0.71–3.17)	0.29
Death during hospitalisation	2/135 ^e	4/132	0.49 (0.09–2.74)	0.41
Do-not-intubate order after inclusion within 28 days^f	1/135	2/132	_	_^d
Readmission in hospital after hospital discharge and within 28 days	2/135 g	0/132	_	_^d

	Median (IQR)	Median difference (95%CI)
Duration of oxygen therapy in patients not transferred to the ICU or undergoing non-invasive ventilation or intubation, days	5 (3–8)	5 (3.5–8)	0 (− 1 to 1)	.95
Length of hospitalisation, days	7 (5–11)	7 (7–12)	0 (− 1 to 1.5)	.79

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit
^aOdds-ratios were adjusted for stratification
^bAmong the 20 patients who underwent non-invasive ventilation, 7 (5 in the prone position group and 2 in the usual care group) were not transferred to an ICU. Among the remaining 13 patients, 2 (1 in each group) underwent non-invasive ventilation the day before ICU admission, and 11 within the first 2 days of ICU admission
^cAmong the 20 patients who underwent non-invasive ventilation, 25% (3/12) in the prone position group and 62.5% (5/8) in the usual care group were intubated and/or died thereafter
^dThere were too few events to allow for meaningful logistic regression analysis
^eTwo patients died during their hospitalisation after day 28
^fAll three patients died within 28 days of inclusion
^gThe two patients were readmitted to an ICU

ISSN: 1364-8535