Table 1 Demographics of the observational cohort, stratified by number of small HDL particles
From: Low levels of small HDL particles predict but do not influence risk of sepsis
Characteristic | Quartile 1, N = 64,752a | Quartile 2, N = 64,752a | Quartile 3, N = 64,752a | Quartile 4, N = 64,752a | p valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age on recruitment | 59 (50, 64) | 59 (51, 64) | 59 (51, 64) | 59 (52, 64) | < 0.001 |
Sex |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Female | 31,126 (48%) | 33,606 (52%) | 36,008 (56%) | 39,152 (60%) |  |
 Male | 33,626 (52%) | 31,146 (48%) | 28,744 (44%) | 25,600 (40%) |  |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.4 (23.7, 29.8) | 26.7 (24.1, 29.9) | 26.8 (24.3, 29.9) | 27.0 (24.5, 30.0) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No | 59,672 (92%) | 61,399 (95%) | 62,043 (96%) | 62,421 (96%) |  |
 Yes | 4,849 (7.5%) | 3,185 (4.9%) | 2,557 (4.0%) | 2,157 (3.3%) |  |
 Do not know | 174 (0.3%) | 117 (0.2%) | 111 (0.2%) | 135 (0.2%) |  |
 Unknown | 37 | 29 | 25 | 20 |  |
History of liver disease | 2,147 (3.3%) | 1,620 (2.5%) | 1,594 (2.5%) | 1,651 (2.5%) | < 0.001 |
History of cancer | 5,986 (9.2%) | 5,914 (9.1%) | 6,039 (9.3%) | 6,151 (9.5%) | 0.14 |
C-reactive protein level (mg/dl) | 1.32 (0.61, 3.01) | 1.30 (0.64, 2.68) | 1.30 (0.66, 2.63) | 1.40 (0.72, 2.74) |  < 0.001 |
 Unknown | 3,269 | 2,844 | 2,786 | 2,756 |  |
Creatinine (umol/L) | 72 (63, 83) | 71 (62, 82) | 70 (61, 80) | 68 (60, 78) | < 0.001 |
 Unknown | 3,082 | 2,754 | 2,716 | 2,701 |  |
Statin user | 13,357 (21%) | 11,703 (18%) | 11,188 (17%) | 11,556 (18%) | < 0.001 |
Alcohol intake frequency |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Daily or almost daily | 9,173 (14%) | 11,379 (18%) | 13,928 (22%) | 19,183 (30%) |  |
 Never | 6,126 (9.5%) | 4,742 (7.3%) | 3,766 (5.8%) | 2,912 (4.5%) |  |
 Once or twice a week | 18,175 (28%) | 18,191 (28%) | 17,331 (27%) | 14,955 (23%) |  |
 One to three times a month | 9,112 (14%) | 7,932 (12%) | 6,784 (10%) | 5,150 (8.0%) |  |
 Prefer not to answer | 65 (0.1%) | 54 (< 0.1%) | 38 (< 0.1%) | 58 (< 0.1%) |  |
 Special occasions only | 9,083 (14%) | 7,459 (12%) | 6,459 (10.0%) | 5,026 (7.8%) |  |
 Three or four times a week | 12,981 (20%) | 14,967 (23%) | 16,422 (25%) | 17,448 (27%) |  |
 Unknown | 37 | 28 | 24 | 20 |  |
Smoking status |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Current | 7,503 (12%) | 6,762 (10%) | 6,377 (9.9%) | 6,477 (10%) |  |
 Never | 35,589 (55%) | 35,806 (55%) | 35,000 (54%) | 32,541 (50%) |  |
 Prefer not to answer | 235 (0.4%) | 231 (0.4%) | 213 (0.3%) | 273 (0.4%) |  |
 Previous | 21,388 (33%) | 21,925 (34%) | 23,138 (36%) | 25,442 (39%) |  |
 Unknown | 37 | 28 | 24 | 19 |  |
Townsend deprivation index (lower is more deprived) | − 2.25 (− 3.69, 0.36) | − 2.32 (− 3.74, 0.18) | − 2.34 (− 3.73, 0.11) | − 2.28 (− 3.70, 0.21) | < 0.001 |
Unknown | 78 | 75 | 68 | 77 | Â |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.94 (3.41, 4.48) | 4.45 (3.96, 4.95) | 4.80 (4.29, 5.31) | 5.31 (4.76, 5.89) | < 0.001 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.09 (0.92, 1.35) | 1.20 (1.05, 1.43) | 1.30 (1.15, 1.52) | 1.47 (1.30, 1.70) | < 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.42 (1.19, 1.67) | 1.66 (1.43, 1.91) | 1.82 (1.58, 2.08) | 2.04 (1.77, 2.33) | < 0.001 |
Total triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.08 (0.79, 1.48) | 1.19 (0.88, 1.62) | 1.25 (0.92, 1.69) | 1.33 (0.98, 1.80) | < 0.001 |
Sepsis | 1,921 (3.0%) | 1,440 (2.2%) | 1,347 (2.1%) | 1,253 (1.9%) | < 0.001 |
Sepsis death | 387 (0.6%) | 262 (0.4%) | 259 (0.4%) | 210 (0.3%) | < 0.001 |
Sepsis critical care admission | 273 (0.4%) | 183 (0.3%) | 155 (0.2%) | 162 (0.3%) | < 0.001 |