Table 2  Event characteristics and outcomes by systolic and diastolic blood pressure thresholds at 0–6 h post-arrest

Interventions in place prior to event

 Vascular access

308 (87.5%)

320 (93.8%)

0.006^b

301 (87.0%)

327 (94.2%)

0.001^b

 Arterial catheter

130 (36.9%)

174 (51.0%)

 < .001^b

152 (43.9%)

152 (43.8%)

1.000^b

 Central venous catheter

208 (59.1%)

232 (68.0%)

0.018^b

220 (63.6%)

220 (63.4%)

1.000^b

 Vasoactive infusion

111 (31.5%)

167 (49.0%)

 < .001^b

138 (39.9%)

140 (40.3%)

0.938^b

 Invasive mechanical ventilation

224 (63.6%)

241 (70.7%)

0.052^b

224 (64.7%)

241 (69.5%)

0.196^b

 Non-invasive ventilation

78 (22.2%)

63 (18.5%)

0.258^b

75 (21.7%)

66 (19.0%)

0.397^b

 End-tidal CO₂ monitoring

186 (52.8%)

226 (66.3%)

 < .001^b

193 (55.8%)

219 (63.1%)

0.053^b

Immediate causes of event

 Arrhythmia

55 (15.6%)

47 (13.8%)

0.521^b

49 (14.2%)

53 (15.3%)

0.748^b

 Cyanosis without respiratory decompensation

19 (5.4%)

9 (2.6%)

0.082^b

18 (5.2%)

10 (2.9%)

0.128^b

 Hypotension

118 (33.5%)

196 (57.5%)

 < .001^b

139 (40.2%)

175 (50.4%)

0.008^b

 Respiratory decompensation

241 (68.5%)

192 (56.3%)

 < .001^b

225 (65.0%)

208 (59.9%)

0.182^b

Vasoactive inotropic score (2 h prior to CPR)

0.0 [0.0, 0.8]

0.0 [0.0, 5.0]

 < .001^c

0.0 [0.0, 5.0]

0.0 [0.0, 3.0]

0.113^b

Duration of CPR (minutes)^d

3.0 [1.0, 6.0]

4.0 [2.0, 8.0]

0.005^c

3.0 [1.0, 6.0]

4.0 [2.0, 8.0]

0.012^c

Duration of CPR categories (minutes)^d

0.129^b

0.011^b

 < 6

247 (70.2%)

212 (62.2%)

244 (70.5%)

215 (62.0%)

 6–15

72 (20.5%)

83 (24.3%)

74 (21.4%)

81 (23.3%)

 16–35

26 (7.4%)

34 (10.0%)

24 (6.9%)

36 (10.4%)

 > 35

7 (2.0%)

12 (3.5%)

4 (1.2%)

15 (4.3%)

CPR time^d

0.904^b

0.899^b

 Weekday

185 (52.6%)

184 (54.0%)

183 (52.9%)

186 (53.6%)

 Weeknight

57 (16.2%)

56 (16.4%)

55 (15.9%)

58 (16.7%)

 Weekend

110 (31.3%)

101 (29.6%)

108 (31.2%)

103 (29.7%)

First documented rhythm

0.514^b

0.219^b

 Pulseless electrical activity / asystole

132 (37.5%)

134 (39.3%)

124 (35.8%)

142 (40.9%)

 Ventricular fibrillation / tachycardia

17 (4.8%)

22 (6.5%)

17 (4.9%)

22 (6.3%)

 Bradycardia with poor perfusion

203 (57.7%)

185 (54.3%)

205 (59.2%)

183 (52.7%)

Pharmacologic interventions during event

 Epinephrine

214 (60.8%)

267 (78.3%)

 < .001^b

226 (65.3%)

255 (73.5%)

0.021^b

 Minutes to first epinephrine bolus

1.0 [0.0, 2.0]

1.0 [0.0, 2.0]

0.817^c

1.0 [0.0, 2.0]

1.0 [0.0, 2.0]

0.099^c

 Number of epinephrine boluses

2.0 [1.0, 3.0]

2.0 [1.0, 3.0]

0.713^c

1.5 [1.0, 3.0]

2.0 [1.0, 3.0]

0.517^c

 Atropine

46 (13.1%)

33 (9.7%)

0.188^b

46 (13.3%)

33 (9.5%)

0.122^b

 Calcium

60 (17.0%)

117 (34.3%)

 < .001^b

76 (22.0%)

101 (29.1%)

0.036^b

 Sodium bicarbonate

81 (23.0%)

135 (39.6%)

 < .001^b

95 (27.5%)

121 (34.9%)

0.040^b

 Vasopressin

5 (1.4%)

10 (2.9%)

0.199^b

5 (1.4%)

10 (2.9%)

0.296^b

 Fluid bolus

56 (15.9%)

72 (21.1%)

0.079^b

53 (15.3%)

75 (21.6%)

0.040^b

Vasoactive-inotropic score

 Vasoactive inotropic score 6 h post-arrest

 < .001^b

0.006^b

 None

207 (58.8%)

133 (39.0%)

178 (51.4%)

162 (46.7%)

 1–20

126 (35.8%)

158 (46.3%)

146 (42.2%)

138 (39.8%)

 > 20

19 (5.4%)

50 (14.7%)

22 (6.4%)

47 (13.5%)

Vasoactive inotropic score 24 h post-arrest

 < .001^b

0.188^b

 None

214 (60.8%)

153 (44.9%)

181 (52.3%)

186 (53.6%)

 1–20

123 (34.9%)

154 (45.2%)

146 (42.2%)

131 (37.8%)

 > 20

15 (4.3%)

34 (10.0%)

19 (5.5%)

30 (8.6%)

Outcomes

 Survival to hospital discharge

289 (82.1%)

224 (65.7%)

 < .001^b

283 (81.8%)

230 (66.3%)

 < .001^b

 Survival to hospital discharge with favorable neurologic outcome

269 (76.4%)

208 (61.0%)

 < .001^b

267 (77.2%)

210 (60.5%)

 < .001^b