Table 1 Patient characteristics at inclusion and ICU mortality
All patients n = 69 | Volume expansion n = 33 | Increase of norepinephrine dose n = 36 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age – years | 66 [56–74] | 67 [55–78] | 66 [59–74] | 0.71 |
Male sex – no (%) | 40 (58) | 16 (48) | 24 (66) | 0.15 |
BMI – kg/m2 | 27 [22–32] | 25 [20–32] | 27 [25–33] | 0.17 |
SAPS II | 52 [46–58] | 54 [49–61] | 48 [38–57] | 0.02 |
SOFA | 9 [8–11] | 10 [8–13] | 8 [7–11] | 0.02 |
Arterial lactate – mmol/L | 2.7 [2.0–4.4] | 3.8 [2.3–4.8] | 2.2 [1.8–3.1] | 0.001 |
Pre-existing condition – no (%) | ||||
Ischemic heart disease | 10 (14) | 5 (15) | 5 (14) | 0.99 |
Chronic heart failure | 6 (9) | 3 (9) | 3 (9) | 0.99 |
COPD | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.99 |
Chronic kidney disease | 6 (9) | 4 (12) | 2 (6) | 0.41 |
Diabetes mellitus | 23 (33) | 9 (27) | 14 (41) | 0.44 |
Cirrhosis | 6 (9) | 5 (15) | 1 (3) | 0.10 |
Hypertension | 36 (52) | 16 (48) | 20 (56) | 0.63 |
Cancer or autoimmune disease | 18 (26) | 7 (21) | 11 (31) | 0.42 |
Source of infection – no (%) | ||||
Pneumonia | 43 (62) | 22 (67) | 21 (58) | 0.62 |
Abdominal infection | 10 (14) | 5 (15) | 5 (14) | 0.99 |
Urinary tract infection | 3 (4) | 1 (3) | 2 (5) | 0.99 |
Endocarditis | 3 (4) | 3 (9) | 0 (0) | 0.10 |
Catheter-related infection | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.99 |
Soft tissues infection | 1 (1) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.48 |
Undetermined etiology | 8 (11) | 1 (3) | 7 (19) | 0.06 |
Mechanical ventilation | 60 (87) | 27 (82) | 33 (91) | |
ICU mortality – no (%) | 28 (41) | 15 (45) | 13 (36) | 0.47 |