Novel subtypes of severe COVID-19 respiratory failure based on biological heterogeneity: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Fit statistics of latent class analysis results using clinical and protein biomarker data at study enrollment

Number of subtypes	BIC	Entropy	Number of participants per subtype				P value*
Number of subtypes	BIC	Entropy	N₁	N₂	N₃	N₄	P value*
1	29,780		400
2	29,454	0.83	292	108			0.01
3^†	29,370	0.82	189	170	41		0.10
4^†	29,328	0.83	152	132	75	41	0.11

BIC Bayesian Information Criterion
*Calculated using Vuong–Lo–Mendell–Rubin method to test whether a model with an additional class fits better than a model with one fewer class
^†Model failed to replicate the maximum likelihood with up to 400 random starts

ISSN: 1364-8535