Table 2 Characteristics of CAR-T recipients in ICU studies
Characteristics and variables | CAR-ICU study [65] | CARTTAS study [66] | Hospital-wide study [67] |
|---|---|---|---|
Inclusion period | November 2017–May 2019 | February 2018–February 2020 | July 2017–December 2020 |
Type of study | Retrospective, cohort, multicentre study | Retrospective, cohort, multicentre international study | Retrospective, cohort, monocentre study |
Nature of B cell malignancies | DLBCL, FL | DLBCL, FL, MM, ALL | DLBCL, ALL, MM |
Nature of CAR-T cell therapy | Axicabtagene ciloleucel, Tisagenlecleucel | NA | Autologous CAR-T cells, Axicabtagene ciloleucel, Tisagenlecleucel, Brexucabtagene autoleucel, bb2121, Allogenic CAR-T cells (UCART19) |
Lines of chemotherapy prior to CAR, median (range) | 4 [1–11] | 3 [2–4] | 3 [3, 4] |
Number of patients treated by CAR-T cell therapy | 345 | 942 | NA |
Number of patients admitted to ICU, n (%) | 120 (34.8) | 258 (27.4) | 71 |
Age, year, mean (SD) or median [range] | 57 (15) | 58 [43–66] | 60 [37–67.5] |
Sex (male), n (%) | 79 (65.7) | 144 (60) | 42 (59) |
Maximum SOFA score, median [range] | 5 [1–21] | 4 [2–7] | 4 [2–6] |
Number of patients with TLS, n (%) | NA | NA | NA |
Number of patients with CRS, n (%) | 81 (67.5) | 200 (77.5) | 33 (46) |
Grade 3–4 CRS, n (%) | 28 (34.6) | 50 (19.4) | 6 (18.1) |
Time from infusion to maximum CRS, day (range) | 5 [0–42] | NA | 2 [1–3] |
Number of patients with ICANS, n (%) | 89 (74.2) | 108 (41.5) | 26 (37) |
Grade 3–4 ICANS, n (%) | 67 (75.3) | 38 (14.7) | 8 (30) |
Time from infusion to maximum ICANS, day (range) | 6 [2–74] | NA | 1 [0–1] |
Documented infections, n (%) | 26 (21.6) | 78 (30.2) | 21 (30) |
Documented cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 3 (2.5) | NA | NA |
Documented sHLH, n (%) | 4 (3.3) | NA | NA |
Documented acute renal failure, n (%) | 8 (6.7) | NA | NA |
Organ support | Â | Â | Â |
 Vasopressors, n (%) | 22 (18.3) | 74 (28.7) | 20 (28) |
 High-flow oxygen therapy, n (%) | 11 (9.2) | 14 (5.4) | NA |
 Non-invasive ventilation, n (%) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 4 (6) |
 Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 14 (11.7) | 26 (10) | |
 Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 3 (2.5) | 12 (4.6) | 1 (1.5) |
Treatment of toxicities | Â | Â | Â |
 Tocilizumab, n (%) | 87 (72.5) | 166 (64.3) | 49 (69) |
 Corticosteroid, n (%) | 93 (77.5) | 155 (60) | 40 (56) |
 Siltuximab treatment, n (%) | 9 (7.5) | NA | 9 (12.6) |
 Anakinra treatment, n (%) | 9 (7.5) | NA | 2 (2.8) |
Outcome | Â | Â | Â |
 ICU length of stay, day (range) | 4 [1–22] | 4 [1–10] | NA |
 ICU mortality, n (%) | 11 (9) | 14 (5.4) | 1 (1.5) |
 Hospital length of stay, day (range) | 24 [5–180] | 16 [9–34] | NA |
 Hospital mortality, n (%) | 21 (17.5) | 36 (14) | 8 (12) |