Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study total cohorts

Number of admissions (%)

80,066 (99%)

42,501 (97%)

165,269 (98%)

13,279 (97%)

1,125 (1%)

1,524 (2%)

3,544 (2%)

354 (3%)

Number of samples (%)

9,026,225 (95%)

5,943,127 (99%)

15,847,502 (99%)

904,443 (98%)

113,799 (1%)

62,095 (1%)

149,646 (1%)

16,329 (2%)

Gender (female)

31,033 (39%)

17,894 (42%)

74,602 (45%)

4,442 (33%)

441 (39%)

662 (43%)

1,548 (44%)

121 (34%)

Age (year)

61.8 ± 14.6

62.1 ± 17.0

61.5 ± 16.9

59.4 ± 15.57

61.6 ± 15.7

67.1 ± 16.3

65.6 ± 16.2

63.34 ± 13.92

9 vital signs

Respiratory rate (/min)

19.7 ± 6.4

19.9 ± 6.0

19.7 ± 5.9

18.09 ± 6.41

22.6 ± 7.8

22.2 ± 6.9

21.9 ± 6.71

22.58 ± 6.94

Heart rate (/min)

86.4 ± 19.8

86.1 ± 17.6

85.8 ± 18.4

81.82 ± 17.07

96.5 ± 24.5

91.5 ± 19.3

93.3 ± 21.1

92.15 ± 22.77

SBP (mmHg)

125.6 ± 24.7

123.5 ± 23.2

123.6 ± 23.5

126.89 ± 25.06

114.1 ± 27.5

113.3 ± 23.9

113.1 ± 25.1

116.64 ± 30.85

DBP (mmHg)

70.6 ± 13.7

61.6 ± 14.35

64.9 ± 14.9

62.91 ± 12.83

66.0 ± 16.1

57.3 ± 13.8

59.2 ± 15.0

60.64 ± 14.74

Body temperature (℃)

36.8 ± 0.7

37.1 ± 0.8

37.0 ± 0.7

36.71 ± 0.86

36.4 ± 1.1

36.9 ± 1.0

36.7 ± 1.3

36.09 ± 1.63

SpO2 (%)

98.2 ± 2.5

97.24 ± 2.7

96.8 ± 2.9

96.93 ± 2.88

95.9 ± 5.8

97.0 ± 3.9

96.2 ± 4.37

95.88 ± 4.21

GCS—eye

3.2 ± 1.1

3.51 ± 0.9

3.6 ± 0.8

3.41 ± 0.93

2.3 ± 1.3

2.8 ± 1.2

2.6 ± 1.3

1.65 ± 1.14

GCS—verbal

4.5 ± 1.0

4.58 ± 1.0

3.8 ± 1.7

4.48 ± 1.14

3.8 ± 1.4

3.7 ± 1.6

2.1 ± 1.6

2.17 ± 1.59

GCS—motor

5.2 ± 1.6

5.46 ± 1.2

5.7 ± 1.0

5.51 ± 1.23

3.6 ± 2.2

4.0 ± 2.0

4.0 ± 2.1

3.06 ± 2.22

16 laboratory results

ALT (Units/L)

83.7 ± 220.0

187.0 ± 505.2

118.8 ± 377.6

99.05 ± 279.46

206.1 ± 488.4

313.5 ± 703.9

322.51 ± 718.2

239.26 ± 432.86

AST (Units/L)

90.5 ± 270.9

236.6 ± 759.6

159.0 ± 583.6

136.07 ± 435.77

271.9 ± 720.8

558.8 ± 1371.5

506.9 ± 1234.2

329.59 ± 439.05

Albumin (g/dL)

3.0 ± 0.5

2.9 ± 0.7

2.7 ± 0.7

2.4 ± 0.57

2.8 ± 0.5

2.7 ± 0.7

2.5 ± 0.7

2.21 ± 0.64

BUN (mg/dL)

25.3 ± 18.8

28.8 ± 22.6

27.2 ± 21.3

24.07 ± 18.28

36.2 ± 23.6

42.0 ± 27.2

39.6 ± 26.2

31.41 ± 21.99

Bilirubin (mg/dL)

2.0 ± 3.3

3.0 ± 5.3

1.5 ± 3.1

0.84 ± 1.36

6.1 ± 8.4

7.1 ± 9.9

3.6 ± 6.4

1.8 ± 3.36

CRP (mg/dL)

7.9 ± 7.6

9.9 ± 8.4

20.1 ± 40.0

8.54 ± 9.22

11.7 ± 8.5

12.4 ± 7.7

21.1 ± 44.5

10.97 ± 9.22

Chloride (mmol/L)

104.8 ± 6.4

104.9 ± 6.2

105.0 ± 7.2

107.77 ± 5.06

103.4 ± 8.2

104.5 ± 7.8

105.7 ± 7.9

106.5 ± 6.28

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.3 ± 1.36

1.46 ± 1.49

1.48 ± 1.5

1.17 ± 1.16

1.59 ± 1.17

2.0 ± 1.6

2.0 ± 1.5

1.79 ± 1.15

Glucose (mg/dL)

161.6 ± 62.2

133.0 ± 46.8

147.4 ± 58.8

146.42 ± 42.21

164.1 ± 74.0

142.8 ± 64.5

152.6 ± 65.1

159.66 ± 71.51

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

10.5 ± 1.9

10.2 ± 1.7

10.3 ± 2.2

10.87 ± 1.76

9.7 ± 1.9

9.9 ± 1.8

10.1 ± 2.3

10.51 ± 1.92

Prothrombin time (INR)

1.3 ± 0.4

1.5 ± 0.7

1.6 ± 0.8

1.39 ± 0.4

1.7 ± 0.8

1.9 ± 1.0

1.9 ± 1.1

1.89 ± 0.96

Platelets (10³/µL)

167.1 ± 103.3

224.1 ± 138.0

203.5 ± 110.0

194.83 ± 111.73

105.7 ± 83.6

163.6 ± 131.8

150.3 ± 101.6

145.58 ± 129.52

Potassium (mmol/L)

4.0 ± 0.6

4.1 ± 0.62

4.0 ± 0.6

4.15 ± 0.47

4.1 ± 0.8

4.3 ± 0.8

4.3 ± 0.9

4.39 ± 0.82

Sodium (mmol/L)

138.0 ± 5.7

138.8 ± 5.1

139.0 ± 5.9

139.33 ± 4.43

139.0 ± 8.0

138.8 ± 6.7

140.8 ± 7.3

140.77 ± 6.19

WBC (10³/µL)

11.2 ± 5.9

11.7 ± 6.3

11.8 ± 6.4

13.26 ± 5.45

11.8 ± 8.6

13.83 ± 8.7

15.2 ± 10.2

14.49 ± 8.94

aPTT (sec)

39.4 ± 18.1

42.5 ± 23.9

45.6 ± 26.3

44.04 ± 18.43

52.74 ± 24.47

52.46 ± 29.5

51.9 ± 28.4

78.06 ± 62.36