Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics for patients stratified by presence or absence of RIARDS. Mild ARDS was more commonly observed in RIARDS. The prevalence of vasopressor-dependent shock on day 1 was lower among patients with RIARDS. Patients with RIARDS had a lower 28-day mortality and more ICU-free days compared with persistent ARDS
From: Rapidly improving ARDS differs clinically and biologically from persistent ARDS
Persistent ARDS N = 169 | RIARDS N = 46 | Total N = 215 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
General patient characteristics | ||||
Age, median (IQR) | 66 (54, 79) | 63 (47, 78) | 66 (53, 79) | 0.41 |
BMI, median (IQR) | 25 (22, 31) | 24 (22, 27) | 25 (22, 30) | 0.22 |
Gender | ||||
Male, n (%) | 101 (60) | 29 (63) | 130 (60) | 0.92 |
Female, n (%) | 66 (39) | 17 (37) | 83 (39) | |
Transgender, n (%) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | |
Race | ||||
Caucasian, n (%) | 76 (45) | 30 (65) | 106 (49) | 0.12 |
African American, n (%) | 26 (15) | 5 (11) | 31 (14) | |
Asian, n (%) | 44 (26) | 8 (17) | 52 (24) | |
Pacific Islander, n (%) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
Native American, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Other, n (%) | 21 (12) | 2 (4) | 23 (11) | |
Unknown, n (%) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 2 (1) | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic, n (%) | 25 (15) | 1 (2) | 26 (12) | 0.02 |
Non-Hispanic, n (%) | 143 (85) | 44 (96) | 187 (87) | |
Missing, n (%) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 2 (1) | |
Hospital setting | ||||
Tertiary care center, n (%) | 113 (67) | 36 (78) | 149 (69) | 0.14* |
Urban safety net hospital, n (%) | 56 (33) | 10 (22) | 66 (31) | |
Primary ARDS risk factor | ||||
Pneumonia, n (%) | 59 (35) | 19 (41) | 78 (36) | 0.89 |
Sepsis, n (%) | 66 (39) | 14 (30) | 80 (37) | |
Aspiration, n (%) | 31 (18) | 10 (22) | 41 (19) | |
Transfusions, n (%) | 5 (3) | 1 (2) | 6 (3) | |
Drug overdose, n (%) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
Other, n (%) | 2 (1) | 1 (2) | 3 (1) | |
None, n (%) | 4 (2) | 1 (2) | 5 (2) | |
Missing, n (%) | 1(0.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
Severity of ARDS at enrollment by PaO2/ FiO2 | ||||
Mild, n (%) | 23 (14) | 21 (46) | 44 (20) | < 0.001* |
Moderate, n (%) | 67 (40) | 18 (39) | 85 (40) | |
Severe, n (%) | 79 (47) | 7 (15) | 86 (40) | |
“Pure” ARDS (non-cardiogenic edema) versus mixed cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic edema† | ||||
“Pure” ARDS, n (%) | 123 (73) | 31 (67) | 154 (72) | 0.47* |
Mixed etiology of pulmonary edema, n (%) | 46 (27) | 15 (33) | 61 (28) | |
CXR quadrants involved, qualifying CXR | ||||
Two, n (%) | 44 (26) | 16 (35) | 60 (28) | 0.21 |
Three, n (%) | 54 (32) | 18 (39) | 72 (33) | |
Four, n (%) | 67 (40) | 11 (24) | 78 (36) | |
Missing, n (%) | 4 (2) | 1 (2) | 5 (2) | |
Severity of disease within 1 day of ARDS diagnosis | ||||
APACHE III score, median (IQR) | 135 (109, 160) | 94 (81, 133) | 126 (99, 154) | < 0.001 |
Vasopressor-dependent shock, n (%) | 136 (80) | 28 (61) | 164 (76) | 0.01* |
RRT-requiring renal failure, n (%) | 27 (16) | 4 (9) | 31 (14) | 0.41 |
Clinical outcomes | ||||
Hospital mortality at 28 days, n (%) | 96 (57) | 6 (13) | 102 (47) | < 0.001 |
ICU-free days, median (IQR) | 0 (0, 18) | 24 (21, 25) | 2 (0, 22) | < 0.001 |
Ventilator-free days, median (IQR) | 0 (0, 21) | 26 (25, 26) | 0 (0, 24) | < 0.001 |